In France, "mon petit chou" is a term of endearment. In English, it's "my little ----"

1. Cucumber
2. Carrot
3. Cabbage
4. Chestnut

Source:
The Joy of Cooking

When these first appeared in England some 350 years ago, ladies were so enchanted by the lacy tops they wore garlands of them in their hair.

1. Fennel
2. Carrots
3. Asparagus
4. Parsnips

Source:
The New Doubleday Cookbook

"Cabbage with a college education" is

1. Brussels sprouts
2. Broccoli
3. Cauliflower
4. Sauerkraut

Source:
One of Our Favorite Cookbooks

Applauded by Old World cooks when Columbus brought them back, but the name is botanically incorrect!

1. Onions
2. Beans
3. Peppers
4. Sweet Potatoes

Source:
The New Doubleday Cookbook